On this page, you'll find informations about techniques of pediatric anesthesia, and especially on usual protocols.
Before a surgical operation, the pediatric surgeon chooses the anesthesic protocol: local anesthesia or more complete anesthesia. In this last case, he will need the services of an anesthetologist.
The choice is made in accordance with age of patient, his level of stress and coolness, and of course with the importance of the operation.
If a simple local anesthesia seems inadequate, the adapted protocol will be choosen by the anesthetologist, according with the patient, after a pre operative consultation. I could be :
- "Neuroleptanalgesia", convenient for short and less important operations, performed on a cool patient, fo r whom a local anesthesia was insufficient. During a neuroleptanalgesia, the anesthetologist administers relaxing and hypotonic substances by perfusion to the patient, to complete the local anesthesia, excluding stress and signs of impatience. The patient losts consciousness, only during the first seconds of protocol, giving enough time to the surgeon to practice a painless local anesthesia. Use of assisted respiration is not necessary during neurloleptanalgesia.
- " General anesthesia" with tracheal intubation,convenient for long or important operations, and for young patients under the age of 10. The anesthetologist practices an artificial hypnosis. An assisted respiration is necessary to deliver oxygen, at a constant and adapted level, through a tracheal catheter or a laryngeal mask. The young patient is permanently supervised by measuring machines, giving informations on blood pressure, cardiac rythm, oxygen saturation, respiratory rythm.
This personalized
choice is made in accordance with the previous medical history, with the
previsible duration of the operation, and with comfort criteria.
A medical check-up ,with biological exams and pre-operative consultation, is necessary and permits to precise eventual risks and avoid complications.
Some precautionary measures must be remembered:
- It is completely forbidden to give to a child any anticoagulant substances ( and particularly acetylsalicylic acid, also called "aspirirn")during 5 days, before and after a surgical operation.
- It absolutely necessary to answer, precisely and honestly, at the questionnaire, given by the anesthetologist.
- It is essential to give only prescripted medications to his child, and to call the surgeon or the anesthetologist, in case of unexpected event ( added pathology for example).?
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